Reading books can have significant effects on individuals' mental and cognitive health. Over the past two decades, the number of Americans who read for pleasure has steadily declined. A large study found that only 16 percent of people read for enjoyment. Additionally, in the UK, the percentage of people who read regularly has decreased by 8 percent over the past decade.
The Positive Effects of Reading on Children
Barbara Sahakian, a retired professor of clinical psychology at the University of Cambridge, states that reading has a significant impact on children from a young age. In a study conducted on about 10,000 children in the United States, it was found that children who read for pleasure from childhood have better adaptability in adulthood. These individuals perform better cognitively and show fewer signs of mental health issues. Furthermore, these children spend less time in front of screens and perform better in school.
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The Benefits of Reading for Adults
Reading for pleasure should not stop in childhood. Studies show that adults also benefit from this activity. In surveys, readers often report feeling less lonely after reading and are better able to understand others' perspectives. Sahakian says, "This creates a greater sense of connection and empathy in individuals."
Moreover, brain research indicates that reading fictional stories, especially those with rich social content, activates specific areas of the brain related to social cognition.
Reading also helps reduce stress. Sahakian states, "If you become engrossed in a book, your mind and attention focus on the reading and content, which allows you to escape from problems and feel relaxed."
Research shows that regular reading in older age can also prevent cognitive decline. In a study in Taiwan conducted over 14 years on individuals over 64 years old, those who read books once a week had a lower risk of cognitive decline compared to those who did not read.
If it has been a long time since you read for pleasure, there is no need to start with heavy books. Sahakian suggests starting with a magazine or a book related to a specific interest.
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