Frank-Walter Steinmeier, the President of Germany, is visiting China after eight years. This trip takes place at a time when relations between China and Europe have significantly changed. He will spend a few days in China and will meet with Chinese leaders in Beijing at the end of this trip.
Challenges in German-Chinese Relations
The goal of Steinmeier's five-day trip is to examine the "diverse and complex relationship between Germany and China and the existing challenges." The itinerary includes visits to cultural exchange sites and a Volkswagen factory in Hefei.
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The automotive industry, in particular, reflects the dilemma of German policy towards China. China is one of the most important markets for German automotive and machinery manufacturers, as well as the chemical industry. At the same time, state-supported overcapacity in China puts significant pressure on European producers.
Berlin's Dual Message
Steinmeier's trip coincides with Chancellor Friedrich Merz's visit to the Indo-Pacific region. Merz will meet with business representatives in Japan, Singapore, and South Korea, focusing on competitiveness, technological developments, defense cooperation, and critical raw materials.
These two trips represent Berlin's effort to send a dual message: while the Chancellor is deliberately strengthening Germany's partnerships in the Indo-Pacific, the President is seeking dialogue with Beijing at a time when Germany and Europe are recalibrating their relations with China.
Steinmeier will be accompanied by representatives from culture, politics, and academia in Germany. Mikko Huotari, director of the MERICS China Institute, will also be part of this delegation, despite China imposing sanctions on this institute.
During Steinmeier's visit, the topic of human rights is unlikely to play a significant role as he is recognized as a pragmatist in Chinese policy. He is expected to directly address China's role in the Ukraine crisis.
At the end of the trip, Steinmeier will meet with China's leadership in Beijing and hold discussions with Xi Jinping, the President of China, and other officials. This trip marks a milestone in Steinmeier's focus on Asia during his second presidential term.
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